10 Expository Essay Topics on the History of Art

10 Expository Essay Topics on the History of Art If you are writing an expository paper on art history, there are many potential topics and ideas from which to choose. Once you have your topic, it’s time to find some useful facts that you can refer to in your writing. Consider a few interesting facts below: Buddhism has been portrayed on four panels, each using artwork to tell about four miracles of Buddha. One of them is his heavy meditation to achieve enlightenment. The second piece of artwork shows Buddha under a tree meditating while attacked from all angles the by demons of Mara who stands with his sword ready. The artwork is indicative of the many demons attacking the Buddha such as his father preventing him from leaving the palace walls as well as the suffering of humans, expressed by the half animal/half human creatures and the soldiers who are struck down by the mere serenity of the Buddha. By touching the ground in this photo, he rules over Mara and shows that the earth will witness his mastery of meditation and enlightenment. Religion has always played a heavy influence in historical pieces of art that arise from Europe. And this applies not just to paintings or sculptures but to statues and music alike. The ninth century was a period when Catholic Church experimented with music as a form of art. This is where the chants and melodies began to cross one another in parallel, something that created a drone in the embellishment. This type of music became exceedingly popular in Notre Dame located in Paris and took on the name â€Å"Ars Antique† otherwise known as â€Å"old art†. Art changed significantly during the Middle Ages. Earlier it had focused on bright colors meant to draw attention from the viewer to the main characters within the artwork. The characters in question were symbolic and meant to embody love and sensuality. During the Renaissance period, contrast and shadow effects were used in tandem with lighting to draw attention to the idea that love is more than an emotional response, and that it can also be sensuality and the love of flesh. The Middle Ages focused on content and used varying artistic ideals in order to convey sacred virtues from that period whereas the Renaissance focused on secular ideas, moving away from the church and its influence over commissioned artists. Artwork during this time transitioned from displays of Biblical scenes, where lighting reflected the angelic nature of prophets or man, and instead emphasized the sensuality and stark contrast between the gender roles and the idea of love. The Middle Ages brought with them a religious movement stemming from the transitional period which is called â€Å"Modern Devotion†. This period encouraged people to read their scriptures, meditate, and seek out a personal relationship with God. But the artistic movement shifted toward Naturalism, whereby oil paintings began to resemble optimal reality as their style. In fact, the High Renaissance in Italy was responsible for influencing many of the new artists who expounded upon the compositions and themes of older generations. During the 16th century in Italy, the Late Renaissance and Mannerism were seen throughout the artwork, something that conflicted with artists throughout Europe who did not stem from Rome or enjoy the Roman influence aforementioned. Mannerism was a form of artistic technique which emphasized beautiful figures, erudite subject matter and virtuosity. Each one of their compositions was complex. This complexity was deliberate and meant to appeal to the more sophisticated taste of the existing middle class. Mannerism was synonymous with refinement, and rather than focusing on clarity or unity, these artists focused on grace and virtuoso. Beauty was redefined as artists explored unusual proportions, compositions, and figure types. Venus and Adonis is a piece of artwork which was created in 1635 and functions as a reflection on the sensuality and the detail that embodies the Baroque style. This painting is meant to focus on the themes of Adonis, the offspring of the King Cinyras of Paphos and his daughter. Because of the beautiful nature of Adonis, Venus fell in love with him, being touched by Cupid’s arrow. As the story unfolds Adonis is killed by a wild boar when he is hunting and the news of his death cause Venus to seek him out only to find the earth where his blood was spilled on sprouting anemones. The painting Venus and Adonis displays Venus nude, seated and pulling at Adonis not to go and stay with her. The blonde hair is shown in disorder, something meant to indicate her distress. And Adonis is tan, muscular, with a red tunic the color of which is indicative of his blood soon to be spilled. The Metamorphoses in this painting symbolize marital love. But beyond the love between Venus and Adonis this large painting includes themes of Deities, love, cupid, and nudity. Mars and Venus United by Love is an oil painting which presents Cupid binding Venus to Mars. In it, Venus is white, indicating her purity. She is being bound to the leg of Mars who is the god of war. This painting shows how opposites can be united in love, something which reflects upon mythology, unity in politics, unity in religion, and more, all of which can be bound together through love. The painting Mars and Venus United by Love explores the Baroque themes of sexuality by showing Mars in a satin, shimmering clock and Venus - nude. She is wearing nothing but strands of pearls in her hair and ears. Also gold on her belt and bracelets. The selection of white represents purity while the selection of gold indicates royalty, or the gods and goddesses that the two characters are. These color selections are meant to accentuate the aristocracy. Peter Paul Ruben was the painter at the end of the Protestant Reformation which took place in the Netherlands. It was during this period that sensuality, color, and movement were used to depict different themes. This artist is well known for his historical paintings, his landscapes and counter-reformation artwork. He painted in Italy, where his famous Venus and Adonis was completed. Paolo Veronese was a painter from the Renaissance period which took place from 1528 until 1588 in Italy, whose paintings became quite popular because of their colors and decorations. The painter applies even more Mannerist stylization by elaborating on architectural settings and color, specifically in his painting Mars and Venus United by Love. These facts should give you enough material to corroborate your expository essay. Don’t forget to check our set of 20 topics on Art History and the guide to writing an expository essay on the one you pick. References: Fenlon, Iain (editor) (1989).  The Renaissance: from the 1470s to the End of the 16th Century. Man Music.  2. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. (MMA) Paolo Veronese, Mars and Venus United by Love, G 609 (10. 189) Pauw-De Veen, Lydia de. Rubens and the graphic arts. In:  Connoisseur  CXCV/786 (Aug 1977). Penelope Davies, Janson’s History of Art: The Western Tradition (Upper Saddle River, NJ 2006), 469 Preziosi, Donald, ed.  The Art of Art History: A Critical Anthology: A Critical Anthology. Oxford University Press, 1998. Sherrane, Robert. â€Å"Music History 102: A Guide to Western Composers and their music†. IPL2 Organization. 2008. Sydney Freedberg, Painting in Italy, 1500-1600 (Penguin Books Ltd), 567

The Persian Achaemenid Dynasty

The Persian Achaemenid Dynasty The Achaemenids were the ruling dynasty of Cyrus the Great and his family over the Persian empire, (550-330 BC). The first of the Persian Empire Achaemenids was Cyrus the Great (aka Cyrus II), who wrested control of the area from its Median ruler, Astyages. Its last ruler was Darius III, who lost the empire to Alexander the Great. By the time of Alexander, the Persian Empire had become the largest empire so far in history, stretching from the Indus River in the East to Libya and Egypt, from the Aral Sea to the northern coast of the Aegean Sea and the Persian (Arabian) Gulf. The Achaemenids Cyrus I (ruled at Anshan)Cambyses I, Cyrus son (ruled at Anshan) Achaemenid Empire Kings Cyrus II (the Great) [550-530 BC] (ruled from Pasargadae)Cambyses II [530-522 BC]Bardiya [522 BC] (possibly, a pretender)Darius I [522-486 BC] (ruled from Persepolis)Xerxes I (the Great) [486-465 BC]Artaxerxes I [465-424 BC]Xerxes II [424-423 BC]Darius II (Ochus) [423-404 BC]Artaxerxes II (Arsaces) [404-359 BC]Artaxerxes III (Ochus) [359-338 BC]Artaxerxes IV (Arses) [338-336 BC]Darius III [336-330 BC) The vast region conquered by Cyrus II and his descendants could not, obviously, be controlled from Cyrus administrative capital at Ecbatana or Darius center at Susa, and so each region had a regional governor/protector called a satrap (responsible to and representatives of the great king), rather than a sub-king, even if the satraps were often princes wielding kingly power. Cyrus and his son Cambyses started expanding the empire and the developing an effective administrative system, but Darius I the Great perfected it. Darius boasted of his accomplishments through multi-lingual inscriptions on a limestone cliffside at Mount Behistun, in western Iran. Architectural styles common throughout the Achaemenid empire included distinctive columned buildings called apadanas, extensive rock carvings and stone reliefs, climbing staircases and the earliest version of the Persian Garden, divided into four quadrants. Luxury items identified as Achaemenid in flavor were jewelry with polychrome inlay, animal-headed bracelets and carinated bowls of gold and silver. The Royal Road The Royal Road was a major intercontinental thoroughfare probably built by the Achaemenids to allow access to their conquered cities. The road ran from Susa to Sardis and thence to the Mediterranean coast at Ephesus. Intact sections of the road are cobble pavements atop a low embankment from 5-7 meters in width and, in places, faced with a curbing of dressed stone. Achaemenid Languages Because the Achaemenid empire was so extensive, many languages were required for the administration. Several inscriptions, such as the Behistun Inscription, were repeated in several languages. The image on this page is of a trilingual inscription on a pillar in Palace P of Pasargadae, to Cyrus II, probably added during the reign of Darius II. The primary languages used by the Achaemenids included Old Persian (what the rulers spoke), Elamite (that of the original peoples of central Iraq) and Akkadian (the ancient language of the Assyrians and Babylonians). Old Persian had its own script, developed by the Achaemenid rulers and based partly on cuneiform wedges, while Elamite and Akkadian were typically written in cuneiform. Egyptian inscriptions are also known to a lesser degree, and one translation of the Behistun inscription has been found in Aramaic. Updated by  N.S. Gill Sources Aminzadeh B, and Samani F. 2006. Identifying the boundaries of the historical site of Persepolis using remote sensing. Remote Sensing of Environment 102(1-2):52-62. Curtis JE, and Tallis N. 2005. Forgotten Empire: The World of Ancient Persia. University of California Press, Berkeley. Dutz WF and Matheson SA. 2001. Persepolis. Yassavoli Publications, Tehran. Encyclopedia Iranica Hanfmann GMA and Mierse WE. (eds) 1983. Sardis from Prehistoric to Roman Times: Results of the Archaeological Exploration of Sardis 1958-1975. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Sumner, WM. 1986 Achaemenid Settlement in the Persepolis Plain. American Journal of Archaeology 90(1):3-31.

Developing a Professional Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Developing a Professional Philosophy - Essay Example From the discussion it is clear that most of the philosophers who were for the attachment theory thought that one’s security was a major factor in the relationships, the more secure one is, the more attached they become. The easiest way to know how much one is attached to someone is to know how you feel when you are away from them. It gives a clear indication about your feelings towards them. These were the discoveries of an early psychologist called Mary Ainsworth. She also came up with a technique that could be used to view the differences between attachments in children. The procedure was about exposing children to strange situations and then observes their behavior.This paper stresses that  the choice of models that people tend to admire differs. This depends on what values the person already has. The model is someone they consider attractive and powerful by their own standards. This means that the social-cognitive theory relies on information that had been priory attain ed. The values that the learner had got prior to the learning experience determine the type of model that they will choose to follow. Most people opt to choose models who they think are similar to them in most aspects. This makes it easier for them to try to imitate their behavior.  The main strength in skinners theories is that they rely on scientific tested and proven facts and not from speculations or word of mouth.

The Lady of Shalott by Alfred Tennyson Research Paper

The Lady of Shalott by Alfred Tennyson - Research Paper Example In this ride, she sees all the worldly things which were forbidden to her, and on the way, she dies. As the boat reaches Camelot, all the knights see the corpse in the boat and make the sign of cross. However, Lancelot says that she has a lovely face. In fact, this work of Lord Tennyson came under serious attack for dealing with fantasy instead of reality (Noyes 134). However, an analysis of the underlying themes of the poem reveals that it contains a more realistic picture of the society than many realistic poems do. The most important theme evident in the work is deprivation. The deprivation appears in the work as a curse that the lady cannot look out of her window. She does not know the reason of the curse and does not care to think how to remove it. The poem says, â€Å"And so she weaveth steadily/And little other care has she† (Lord Tennyson, lines 43-44). Admittedly, various scholars give various meanings to this deprivation. To illustrate, Hollander points out that womanhood in the century is the subject (112). This seems a rational explanation because females were deprived of the right to see and interact with everyone and everything they wanted. In addition, the women of that time spent very little time thinking why this social situation prevailed. The woman, however, becomes sad and says, â€Å"I am half sick of shadows† (Lord Tennyson, line 72), when she notices that she is deprived of direct contact with all the worldly pleasures. Yet another argument that is as strong as the first one is that the theme describes how art is deprived of realistic pictures of society (Saintsbury 28). The poem shows the lady viewing only â€Å"shadows† of the real society and portraying the same in her tapestry. Here, it is possible to argue that Lord Tennyson was lamenting of his poem’s inability to deal with reality instead of fantasy. The picture becomes clearer when the

Marketing's role is to encourage consumption (Lazer, 1969). This Assignment

Marketing's role is to encourage consumption (Lazer, 1969). This statement is as true now as it was in 1969 - Assignment Example The main role of marketing is to encourage the consumption. In order to increase the consumption of a product or service the company has to first of all develop interest in the minds of the consumers to go for the product. This is the context where the modern definition of marketing is applicable. â€Å"Marketing is the process of interesting potential customers and clients in products and/or services†. The interest created in the minds of the prospective consumers compels them to go for the product and later increases the consumption to a grater extent. A company has to concentrate on the following four components of marketing mix to encourage the consumption. They are products and services, promotion, distribution and pricing. These are the four sensitive areas that a company has to sensibly deal with while marketing is carried out to increase the consumption. When any one of these areas is not properly regarded it is going to affect a company’s growth as it adversely influences the interest of the customer to consume the product and will result in the decline of overall consumption. The paper under discussion tries to prove that the statement ‘Marketing’s Role is to Encourage Consumption’ is as true now as it was in 1969. The main role of marketing is to encourage the consumption even though it has many other functions. All these functions mutually focus on encouraging consumption and thereby increasing the sales and profit. A company’s marketing efforts are directed at the objective of encouraging consumption through customer satisfaction and customer relationship. Maintaining a satisfactory relationship with the consumers is necessary to keep the consumers as customers for ever. A good customer relationship is essential for encouraging the volume of consumption. When a company tries to develop customer relationship, the company actually wants to retain the customers as long as possible. A marketing company would go on

Inter Generational Theory Of Abuse Psychology Essay

Inter Generational Theory Of Abuse Psychology Essay The inter-generational theory of abuse is a widely accepted notion by professionals and lay people alike. This theory suggests that children exposed to physical, emotional or sexual abuse will subject their offspring to a one of these forms of maltreatment. However, the evidence that undermines this theory is too large to ignore. The evidence that supports this hypothesis refers to abused children becoming juvenile delinquents and the identification of the child with the abuser. Methodological problems, generalizability issues and low validity of the experiments conducted undermined the plausibility and truth in the hypothesis. Another strong factor is the protective factors and predisposition of abused children, who break the cycle of abuse which is more common than thought. In this essay I will discuss the evidence both for and against the hypothesis. Kaufman and Zigler (1987) found that the papers written on studies of inter-generational abuse assert validity without proper evidence because their primary sources of information are unreliable. These studies rely largely on case studies, agency records, clinical interviews, self-report questionnaires. An example of case studies was those mostly done with parents whose children were in hospital for non-accidental injuries (Kaufman Zigler, 1987). Most of these parents reported histories of abuse, but because there were methodological problems (such as limited control measures) the generalizability of the findings is not possible. Agency records also had many of the same limitations. The representative samples, comparison subjects and formal definitions of abuse differed. The omissions in agency records were rarely recorded. Clinical interviews are valuable for generating hypotheses about inter-generational theory but they lacked comparison groups and definitions were far from legal criteria (Kaufman Zigler, 1987). Self-report questionnaires lacked the exploration of the statistical relationships among determinants of abuse (Kaufman Zigler, 1987). Egeland Jacobvitzs observed that the history of abuse could not be separated from influence of poverty, stress and social isolation on parenting behavior. They also noted that the broader the definition is, the greater the apparent link becomes in the inter-generational hypothesis thus make the validity of the collected data low (Kaufman Zigler, 1987). According to Langeland and Dijkstra (1995) the variations of definitions of abuse cause considerable variation of the rates of transmission. They concur that due to bad methodologies making generalizations from the information is problematic. They also highlight the need to study both mothers and fathers (because they have clinical and theoretical relevance), which isnt always the case. Langeland and Dijkstra (1995) show how many studies only examine one child (e.g. Goodwin et al., 1981; Main Goldwyn, 1984; Altemeier et al., 1986; Egeland et al., 1988; Pianta et al., 1989; Burkett, 1991; Boyer Fine, 1992; Caliso Milner, 1992; Herzog et al. 1992; as cited in Langeland and Dijkstra; 1995) and suggest researchers need to look at wider family context (that is brothers, father, grandparents, aunts and cousins). Widom (1989) highlights that the methodological problems play a role in the misrepresentation and overestimation of the actual statistics related to the inter-generational theory. In Widoms review of the literature, she also emphasizes the over dependence on self-report, inadequate documenting of childhood abuse, and the infrequent use of control groups. According to Widom researchers should make a clearer distinction between abused and neglected children because the differences in consequences are significant the information collected overlaps and distorts the results. Widom thus suggests the need for better rating scales for studies, and the need for a greater methodological awareness and refinement. Protective Factors and Predispositions Kaufman and Zigler (1987) observed that some parents (with a history of abuse) became abusive parents whereas other did not. Hunter and Kilstrom (as cited in Kaufman Zigler, 1987) attributed this to the individuals having: extensive social support (e.g. therapy); fewer undecided feelings about being pregnant, they were openly angry about the abuse they endured, and their babies were healthier. Another study by Egeland and Jacobvitz (as cited in Kaufman Zigler, 1987) found mediating factors to be that one parent/foster parent was loving and caring towards the abused child, the abused had an emotionally supportive spouse, they also had fewer current stressful life events and they had a greater awareness of history of abuse and had come to terms with it. This study provides information on the interrelationships (etiology of abuse and other influences) of the many determinants of a parents behavior. Langeland and Dijkstra (1995) also found that many abused children manage to break the cycle of inter-generational abuse. They emphasize the factors that protect/buffer the transmission. Belsky (1980, as cited in Langeland and Dijkstra, 1995) says there are multiple factors at work that cause abuse such as: the individual (personality of parents); familial (the home/family environment e.g. marital relationship); community (formal informal social structures e.g. neighborhood and other family); cultural (societal expectations and attitudes). However, Belsky (1980, as cited in Langeland and Dijkstra) says the interaction of risk and protective factors are important because they effect likelihood of transmission of abuse between generations. Garbarino Gilliam (1980, as cited in Widom, 1989) reiterates that other life events or the predisposition of the child (e.g. natural abilities, physiological predispositions, and social supports) will protect them from the effects of abuse. Deliquency and Identification Kaufman and Zigler (1987) commented on the many other factors that contribute to abuse. Children may find themselves in similar social or relationship conditions (or have long lasting effects of child abuse) that led their parents to be abusive to them as children and cope in the same way. Quinton and Rutter (1988) reiterate that abuse occurs for many reasons namely: substantial social and environmental hardships and a constellation of psycho-social difficulties. It is noted that children may have the same or similar situations as their parents and cycle continues because of the same outside influences. They found that abuse can lead to: personality disorders, alcoholism, and criminality all of which are associated with abuse. Sir Keith Joseph (1972, as cited in Quinton and Rutter, 1988) said poor parenting is a central mechanism for encouraging inter-generational transmission of family problems (that is children learn from their parents). Men that were imprisoned for violence against children were found to have come from large families where abuse was common (Gibbens Walker, 1956; Scott, 1973, as cited in Quinton and Rutter, 1988) and women accused with child-battering were associated with unhappy, loveless and traumatic childhoods (Lukiarowitz, 1971 as cited in Quinton and Rutter, 1988). Quinton and Rutter (1988) noted that the vulnerabilities deriving from exposure to poor parenting can lead to them being abusive (e.g. depression is known to be associated with abuse). Widom (1989) emphasized that the immediate consequences of child abuse are physical injuries or emotional trauma but that the emotional and developmental scars may persist thus leading to the likelihood of inter-generational transmission of abuse. McCall Shields (1986, as cited in Widom, 1989) highlighted the context of violence in culture. Accordingly the approval of such behaviors legitimizes and reinforces the use of violence (Gil, 1973; Huggius Straus, 1980; Steinmetz, 1977; as cited in Widom, 1989) which in turn instigates the high degree of acceptance of violence in culture (R.A. Stark McEvoy, 1970 as cited in Widom, 1989). It is therefore not too difficult to deduce that learning to become violent through normal childrearing experiences might be transmitted from generation to generation (Goldstein, 1986; as cited in Widom, 1989). The social learning of a child and the witnessing/victims of physical and emotional aggression become a model for the child that violence is appropriate in the home (Bandua, 1973; Feshbach, 1980; as cited in Widom, 1989). Straus et al. (1980, as cited in Widom, 1989) suggest that each generation of abusive parents learns to be violent by being a participant in a violent home. Other evidence suggests that abuse leads to aggressive behavior, depression, withdrawal and self-punishing behavior all of which lead to abusive behavior which would suggest that the cycle of abuse can be and is transmitted. It is also suggested that abuse may lead to becoming an abusive parent, a delinquent, or a violent criminal (Widom, 1989). McCord (1983) did a study on abused, neglected, rejected, and loved boys. She found that 45% of the abused and neglected boys ended up being convicted for serious crimes, becoming alcoholics, suffering a mental illness, and/or died unusually young. Their parents were found to have been similar. Other researchers Rocklin and Lavetts (1987) research has demonstrated that identity formation (process by which a child incorporates aspects of a significant other) adds to inter-generational transmission. This is because they form these identifications as a coping mechanism rather than actual identity. However, the identification can persist and is often seen to be used later in life. Conclusion It is clear that being abused puts people at risk of being abusive towards their offspring but it is not the only factor and the path is not direct. There are many protective factors that buffer the adverse effects of abuse, which often breaks the cycle of abuse. The methodological limitations of most experiments (and lack of control measures) have lead to misleading representations of the statistics, and the inter-generational transmission of false facts (Widom, 1989). However the persistent acceptance of the inter-generational theory seems to have undermined many studies as well. The risk factors and society in which a child learns from seems to cause abuse and the transmission from generation to generation. In conclusion abuse is not necessarily transmitted from generation to generation, because there are many protective factors and the path is not direct. The past and present influence the likelihood of abused children becoming abusive parents, not just the possibility of the int er-generational abuse occurring.

Reuniting the Grey Wolf :: science

Reuniting the Grey Wolf In 1914 the United States Congress approved the funding to destroy wolves. Many of the Government bounty hunters decided to help farmers to protect there livestock from the destructive creatures. Sixty years later the wolves are considered as endangered. In 1973 the United State Congress passed another law (Endangered Species Act) this act stated that all endangered species could not be killed by anyone or they would face a fine of one thousand dollars and as much as one year in jail. So many organizations started programs to help the wild life one of which was called the Wolf Recovery Program. The Wolf Recovery Program was set to help gray wolfs adapted back into there natural habitat. Since the program has been started they have introduced over 160 new wolves into the wild. But not everybody was in favor of reintroducing wolves into the wild. Today the United States Fish and Wild life Service have been considering the removal of the gray wolf from the endangered species list once I daho, Montana, and Wyoming raise enough wolves to be considered to continue to expand the wolf population, this requires that each of the three states have to have a management plan in effect to prevent the gray wolf from becoming endangered again. With the current attitude of the governments in these states federal support under the Endangered Species Act it would only serve to cause the wolves to become endangered once more, or at least, hold to absolute minimum of the population that the state scan pass off as a self-sustaining population. Many of the states like Idaho want to get rid of the gray wolves completely rid of in fact it has been said that â€Å"The State of Idaho is on the record asking the federal government to remove wolves from the state by the adoption in 2001 of House Joint Memorial No. 5. The position reflected in House Joint Memorial No. 5 continues to be the official position of the State of Idaho†. Now these are the problems facing the gray wolfs today . Farmers Many of the states legislature made room for the destruction of the gray wolf because they value the economies farming industries more than the preservation of wild life. The farmer aren’t helping with the restoration with many unsubstantial losses with no attempt to validate these statements. The settlers would let there cattle to roam off public property.

Multitasking article review

In Douglas Merrill's Forbes article titled â€Å"Why Multitasking Doesn't Work†, the contributing author makes various statements on the scenario-based appropriateness of multitasking. It is the opinion of the author that multitasking during simple, menial tasks such as folding clothes and speaking on the phone does not require a high order of mental capacity to execute; therefore, it is acceptable to multicast when engaging in these activities.On the flip side, the author argues that hen tasks require brain engage and the goal is for long term memory capture, then multitasking does not allow short term memory to engage and therefore has no opportunity to commit to long term memory. The author also recounted a story of while employed at Google, many workers employed laptops during meetings to accomplish other work tasks during meeting times. This slowly led to the realization that those on their laptops diminished the effectiveness of the meetings due to lack of attention and engagement.Soon the company began a strategy of laptop free tenting zones. The author's ultimate message is that multitasking is not conducive to a successful work environment and has many potential dangers. I tend to agree with the author. Although I am not absent from engaging in multitasking in the workplace, I can say that my quality of work and the confidence in my work increases dramatically when I am allowed the luxury of focused time and effort. It is clear that Google identified that multitasking was a hindrance to the success of business, at least as it pertains to meetings.The article did not offer rather support even though Google did change the work place rules to address this issue. While the article does remain tacit on other multitasking observances and also states that only a portion of meetings were deemed laptop free, the reader cannot assume either way that Google expects or categorically prohibits multitasking in the workplace. In Christine Rose's The New Atlant is article titled â€Å"The Myth of Multitasking†, the author commits to a compelling argument against multitasking mostly supported by clinical research and cultural references.Her article begins with a Lord in the sass's offering advice via a letter to his son. The letter extols the virtue of the ability to focus and is the true mark of intelligence. The author then offers clinical information through functional MR. scans that details the fundamental flaws in learning through multitasking by noting the action of certain portions of the brain. Throughout the article, Rosen refers to multitasking as a sort of Adult Attention Disorder. She draws on work completed by DRP.Edward Hallowed who coined the affects of multitasking as Attention Deficit Trait† (ADD) and further describes ADD as â€Å"purely a response to the hyperkinetic environment in which we live†. Rosen concludes the article with a question. Will humans simply adapt to the reality of multitasking by ma king it a part of our daily lives despite the repercussions? If so, humans may reap the rewards of information but may not realize the related wisdom. I also agree with this author. Her argument is clear and supported culturally and scientifically. Her logical discussion of the effects of multitasking are reasonable and ell laid out.The author indicates that the work environment has changed by humans willingly adapting a less than favorable learning environment that may cost businesses through lost productivity. Through the author's argument, I believe that she is implying that it is a general expectation from manager's that multitasking is to be utilized to accomplish work tasks. I have many years of work experience and school under my belt. My experience with multitasking has been variable. At times, I am highly effective multitasking when the task is transactional.I can switch back and forth between many tasks with little consequence. However when high order thinking is required, I. E. Analyzing data, creating presentations, reading course materials, etc. , I find I am much more successful when I am afforded the opportunity to focus one task and then move on to the next. Sometimes after significant effort, I may switch work/school topics to give my mind a rest and pick up on another topic, but I would hardly refer to this as multitasking but rather strategic maidenhair. When I am required to multicast at work, I do find it rather stressful.My capacities to think clearly, mitigate issues, and communicate effectively are greatly reduced. I oftentimes find myself mentally frustrated after long periods of multitasking and my ability to pivot to other tasks is greatly diminished. At times, this has had a serious, negative impact on my work performance. For instance, once I was juggling so many tasks that when a superior had a time-sensitive data request I forgot to record the need and subsequently did not provide the data. I did not even occur to me by day end t hat I had not accomplished this task.The next day, my superior angrily appeared at my desk telling me to forget the data request since a meeting to discuss the data had already taken place. I obviously felt disappointed in myself and apologized to the superior. The most critical thing a supervisor can do to lead and manage employees in a multitasking environment is to teach employees how to prioritize and give them the latitude to push back on requests and clarify timeliness. If an employee can effectively prioritize his/her workload, then there may be a less of a need for a litigating approach as the employee tackles a task at a time in order of their importance.

Knowledge Essays (681 words) - Scientific Method, Free Essays

Knowledge Essays (681 words) - Scientific Method, Free Essays Knowledge is good for human being because I can use it to make anything to support my live better. However, knowledge is nothing to compare to imagination in human society. Imagination is used when I am curious about a problem, and I want to know and to understand how it happens. After I understand it, I put all its information into knowledge that can be easily understood for other people. If I put a condition or a rule into the imagination of a phenomenon, I have a hypothesis that guilds me understand the phenomenon deeply. A hypothesis is the first step to invest a phenomenon. A hypothesis helps me to focus on one path when I invest a phenomenon. During an investigation, I will discover many unexpected events that could distract my thoughts about my first goal, and I will waste more time. For example, my friend and I have a race to see who is first at home from our school, and he walks to home while I use a bike. The result is he wins. In my thoughts, walking cant be faster than a bike because I know the road well, so I want to know how he did it. I see three paths that are new roads in front of me when I walk to home, and I need to decide which path I go. On the chosen road, I see a walking path and a bike path, and there are many bikes to use if I chose bike path. If I use bike, I change the tool to go home from feet to bike, and it changes the purpose when I walk to home, so I keep walking. There is a new shortcut that is easy for walking to go straight to my house from the road, and it takes a long time if I use a bike. The hypothesis I make at the beginning is walk to home to see if its faster than a bike, and I prepared myself to have a solution for walking problems. Moreover, a hypothesis helps me to prepare many solutions if there is a problem in an investigation. To have a hypothesis in an investigation, I need to assume the problem behavior is similar to other problems I faced, so I can prepare better solutions. Back to the home walking example, I planned to walk home and chose one of three paths, so I need to make sure my safety because of the new path. During the time, I could observe the new environment to update my information. I guess my friend uses a shortcut to be faster than me, so I watch carefully around me and find one. That shortcut has a high rock wall that is hard to get through by a bike, but its easy for feet. If I dont have any hypothesis how my friend does it, I cant find the shortcut by observing everything on my path. In addition, a hypothesis helps an investor to have different views about a phenomenon. With different views, the investor can understand phenomenon more clearly and get a better picture about it. Back to my walking home example, I can see a shortcut easily because I assume there is one. However, if there isnt any shortcut, so I need to think any possible ways, such as the shortcut could be replaced by a very high wall or my friend goes through a house by back door. For each view, I need to examine to find an accepted solution how my friend can walk to home fast while I ride a bike. Indeed, a hypothesis gives an investor a first step of research, good preparations for investigations problems, and good views to understand a phenomenon deeply. A hypothesis could make a strange thought, but it could make an unexpected result that an investor tries to find. However, the investor needs to have a testable hypothesis rather than a fancy one. When the investor can prove his testable hypothesis, he has one step to get close to the phenomenons fact.

Where to Find the Best Marketing Jobs You Actually Want

Where to Find the Best Marketing Jobs You Actually Want If you’re starting a marketing job search, you might go straight to a major career listing website. That isn’t a bad place to begin. In fact, they can be a great starting place for finding opportunities. However, they have some downsides. For one, everyone uses those sites. If you apply for a job on one of them, you’re probably competing against hundreds of other applicants too. So, if you’re serious about advancing your career, you might need to get more creative. Some of the best opportunities out there are never publicly listed, and sometimes, exhausting all available avenues is the fastest way to find what you’re looking for. That means scoping out sites others overlook. It’s also important to get out of the house, and meet real people face-to-face who can help point you in the right direction. This might sound like a lot of work, but when you’re job hunting, finding your next landing spot is your full-time job. Don’t let yourself be outworked before the real work begins. In this post, you’ll learn: Where to find companies looking to fill positions. How to do some real-world networking. Unconventional ways to get an employer’s attention. Plus, you’ll get one free tool to help keep yourself organized †¦ †¦ Download Your Free Marketing Job Hunting Spreadsheet Once you start this process, you’ll have lots of listings and contacts to keep track of. In order to keep everything organized, use this free spreadsheet. It includes fields for tracking everywhere you apply, openings you find most interesting, people you meet, and more. Plus, you’ll get a free marketing resume template. Together, these two resources will save you time, and get you closer to landing the job you want. Where to Find the Best Marketing Jobs You Actually Want by @Ben_via @ Table of Contents: Common Marketing Job Titles The Marketing Hiring Forecast General Job Listing Sites Marketing Job Listing Sites Visiting Your State's Job Services Site Using Google Using Twitter and LinkedIn Visiting Company Sites Directly Leveraging Local Networking Events Consider Starting a Blog Keeping Your Marketing Job Hunt Organized Common Marketing Job Titles You’ll Likely Find If you’ve started a career in the industry, and are looking to make the next step forward, you likely know which type of specific role you’re looking for. But, what if you’re starting fresh, or aren’t sure whether you’re ready to reach for the next rung on the ladder? Sometimes, reviewing marketing openings can be confusing because companies get cute with â€Å"creative† job titles. Who even knows what a â€Å"social media guru† or â€Å"content ninja† really does, anyway? To make things a bit more simple, here are some common roles and titles you might encounter during your job hunt. They’re loosely grouped under a handful of areas: Common Marketing Job Titles: Strategy Marketing Strategist Content Strategist Search Marketing Strategist Social Media Strategist Marketing Consultant Creative Copywriter Content Writer / Creator Designer Social Media Specialist Creative Director Management Communications Director Content Marketing Manager Social Media Manager Account Manager Technical UX Designer SEO Specialist / Manager Marketing Technologist Marketing Automation Specialist Analysis Marketing Analyst Data Scientist Insights Analyst Research Analyst Paid Search/Social Inbound Marketer Paid Social Media Specialist PPC Specialist Project / Account Management Marketing Project Manager Brand Manager Account Manager Product Manager What Does the Marketing Hiring Forecast Look Like? There are open positions for marketers all over the world. But, some markets are hotter than others. So, where is the bulk of hiring happening, what does the future look like, and what skills and roles are most in demand? Starting With General Job Listing Sites This is the most obvious place to start. While it’s true that the jobs you find here will be highly competitive, it never hurts to throw your hat in the ring. And who knows, you just might find exactly what you’re looking for. Best Job Listing Sites: Indeed Monster Glassdoor Google Jobs Career Builder Zip Recruiter LinkedIn Craigslist Idealist CommongoodIndeed This is perhaps the 800lb. gorilla in the job website space. It’s clean, loaded with opportunities, and easy to search. Most major companies will include openings here, and in comparison to similar sites, it might be the best. Find opportunities on Indeed See Other Sites Monster Monster is similar to Indeed, and has been around for years. Likewise, this is a good place to find big-time opportunities with large companies. Find opportunities on Monster See Other Sites Glassdoor The primary advantage Glassdoor has over other sites is it includes direct reviews from present and past employees at every company it lists. It requires registration, but it’s worthwhile to get unvarnished insight into whether a company is a good place to work, or the right fit for you. Find opportunities on Glassdoor See Other Sites Google Jobs This isn't its own service, but rather a means for Google to curate job listings from other sources on the search engine. Google searches for job listings will now populate a featured box at the top of the SERP. See Other Sites Career Builder Similar to Indeed, Monster, and the like. It appears to fallen out of favor somewhat compared to bigger players in the space, but it’s not a bad place to look. Find opportunities on Career Builder See Other Sites Zip Recruiter When it comes to job hunting, according to ZipRecuiter’s home page, â€Å"there’s no need to look anywhere else.† That’s a bold proclamation, but to their credit, the site does take a unique approach to connecting applicants to hiring managers: You upload your resume. Apply to jobs in one click. Then, you can see all kinds of stuff, like how often your application has been reviewed. In short, this sounds like an easy way to put yourself out there, and let hiring managers seek you out. Find opportunities on Zip Recruiter See Other Sites LinkedIn If you aren’t active on LinkedIn, now is the time to start. It’s easy to think of it as the boring professional alternative to Facebook, but that perception is erroneous. Lots of companies share opportunities here, and a lot of current employees at those companies share those listings, as well. This is also a good place to shamelessly promote the fact that you’re looking. Find opportunities on LinkedIn See Other Sites Craigslist No joke: this is where I found my first full-time job in the industry (at a multi-million dollar ecommerce company). While Craiglist sometimes gets overrun with low-quality direct or door-to-door sales jobs that are passed off as â€Å"marketing† positions, you can find some gold here, too. Find opportunities on Craigslist See Other Sites Idealist This is the place to go if you’re looking to make a change in the world. Focused on philanthropic and mission-driven opportunities, you can find marketing and communications jobs with activist organizations, non-profits, charitable organizations, and more here. Find opportunities on Idealist See Other Sites Commongood Another site similar to Idealist, but focused more specifically on non-profits. Find opportunities on Commongood Moving Onto Marketing Industry-Specific Job Listing Sites Table of Contents: The Drum PR Crossing Creative Pool Behance Contena AMA Mashable Talent Zoo The Drum This popular industry blog features a well-curated careers listing page for jobs in the UK. Find opportunities on The Drum See More Sites PR Crossing This is the place to go for curated listings in the public relations industry. Find opportunities on PR Crossing See More Sites Creative Pool Described as a networking tool for creative professionals, it’s focused heavily on jobs in the UK and Europe. It offers more than just job listings too, with an active blog and other career development resources. Find opportunities on Creative Pool See More Sites Behance Behance is most specifically targeted toward designers, but creative copywriters might find opportunities here, too. It’s worth a look if you’re chasing an agency job. Find opportunities on Behance See More Sites Contena A newer entry on the scene, Contena is a paid service that helps connects freelance content creators with remote opportunities. The upfront cost is a little steep, but if you’re serious about living the work-from-home life (which appears to be a focus here), it may be worth checking out. Find opportunities on Contena AMA The American Marketing Association maintains an active job listings section. Find opportunities from the AMA See More Sites Mashable Here’s one that might come as a surprise: Mashable maintains a marketing and PR jobs board. It’s not a lazy tacked-on page, either. It appears to be well-curated and deserving of consideration. Find opportunities on Mashable See More Sites Talent Zoo A great resource for advertising, marketing, and creative jobs. It’s like Indeed or Monster, but focused entirely on marketing opportunities. Find opportunities on Talent Zoo See More Sites Visit Your State’s Department of Employment Website Most states have some sort of employment website. You might not find actual job listings here, but you can find tons of helpful educational resources on job hunting in general, including advice on what to do if you’re laid off (in case that’s the reason why you’re looking for work. Find Department of Labor Resources for Every US State Try Some Simple Google Searches Once you’ve trawled through some job listing sites, try some simple search engine queries. This can help surface positions that might be listed on company’s own sites. All you need to do is search [JOB TITLE/DISCIPLINE] + [CITY/STATE/COUNTRY]. Here’s an example of search from my city (note the listing from Microsoft): Sometimes, this is all it takes to find what you’re looking for. Note, also, that all three of these listings are served up from other sites (CareerBuilder, Glassdoor, and ZipRecruiter). Scope Out Opportunities on Twitter and LinkedIn If you already have a professional following on Twitter, let them know you’re searching for new opportunities (as long as your current employer won’t be concerned to hear this). Or, just put a word out there even if you aren’t primarily using Twitter for work; someone you know, might know someone you want to know. Borrow some of this copy-and-paste tweet template: Hey friends! I’m searching for my next opportunity in [FIELD/DISCIPLINE/MARKETING NICHE]. I have [YEARS OF EXPERIENCE] and I’m ready to make an impact. The same goes (perhaps even more obviously) for LinkedIn. People are on the site to establish their professional reputation and network. So, let people know you’re looking. As previously established, you can also find public job listings here. Reaching Out on LinkedIn If you’ve ever wondered why LinkedIn is useful, my last two jobs were facilitated in part by LinkedIn outreach. If there is someone who works at a company you’d like to be at (or if you’re a hiring manager looking to add a team member), consider sending them a polite message asking if they’d be interested in getting coffee to talk shop. Oftentimes, people will be flattered that you see them as an expert. Plus, this can also show initiative. Now, tread lightly here. Avoid sending connection requests to people you don’t know with no context or message, and don’t come on too strong, either. If someone is local and there’s a chance you run in the same industry circles already, though, it doesn’t hurt to reach out. Do a simple search on LinkedIn: Then, send a simple message: Hi, My name is [NAME], and I’m a [ROLE] at [COMPANY]. I’m interested in learning more about [COMPANY/ROLE], and am curious if you would like to grab coffee at [LOCAL COFFEE SHOP]. The worst that can happen is you don’t get a response. But, if you’re new to the business, sometimes you have to force your way in, and this is an effective way to start building connections while showing you’re serious about the work. Go Directly to Company Websites Is there a company you dream about working for? Then just check out their careers page and see if they’re hiring. No need to make this any more complicated than that. Then, submit your application. While it’s inadvisable to put all your eggs in one basket, there’s nothing wrong with reaching for jobs you might think are too competitive or beyond your grasp. Have some faith in yourself. Visit Local Networking Events So far, this post has covered ways to find jobs without leaving home. Now, it’s time to get down to the brass tacks of doing actual networking in the real world. This can be intimidating, especially if you’re an introverted individual. If that’s the case for you though, just remember a lot of people are nervous going into new places or meeting new people. The payoffs here easily outweigh that discomfort. First, try finding some industry events or organizations in your area. These might include: Meetups:  Many cities have active marketing Meetup.org events. Industry Organizations: The PRSA, American Advertising Federation, and others often host regular events. Local Networking Events: Even general business networking events can put you in touch with companies looking to hire for marketing roles. To find these events: Do a search on Google, Twitter, and LinkedIn. Scope out Meetup.org and do some keyword searches for marketing meetups. Check with your local Chamber of Commerce. If you hate networking  but have to do it, this video from Complex offers some useful advice: Making the Most of Professional Events for Finding New Job Opportunities The key to making events like these work for you is to build genuine relationships with people. You might directly hear about job openings, especially if hosts, guests, or attendees are hiring. It’s also not a bad idea to let people you meet know you’re actively looking for something new. But, avoid hard selling yourself to people you don’t know. Focus on getting to know people and building connections over time. This is more likely to help you find your next opportunity than hounding people or coming off like you’re trying too hard. Consider Starting a Blog Blogging your way into a job can take a lot of effort. However, that’s exactly how ’s Head of Demand Generation, Nathan Ellering, caught the company’s attention. It’s a good way to show what you know, demonstrate your writing ability, and maybe even build an audience for yourself. Before you consider going this route, check the following boxes: Have a focus or an angle. What’s your perspective, or what area of marketing will you focus on? Commit to a basic publishing schedule. Even if it’s just a post every couple weeks, hold yourself accountable to staying consistent. Don’t stress too much about it. If the goal is to get yourself hired, then don’t worry too much about not getting tons of traffic or social shares. The idea is to get in front of the right people, and maybe have something you can add to a resume. Recommended Reading: How to Start a Successful Blog That Will Crush Your Marketing Goals 10 Simple Blog Post Templates to Create the Best Content The Ultimate Blog Writing Process to Create the Best Posts Keeping Your Job Hunt Organized Now, as you progress through your journey in career advancement, you’ll meet a lot of people, find lots of listings, and send out a ton of applications. In fact, it’s not unheard of for people to send literally dozens of resumes and going on multiple interviews before securing a position. It can be enough to make your head spin. So, how do you keep track of it all? Try using the template included in this post (click here to jump up to the download form). It includes everything you need to store interesting listings, keep track of where you’ve applied, and more. At the bottom, you’ll find three tabs: Opportunities, Contacts, and Interviews: Here’s what to include under each one: Opportunities: Track your job leads here. Add companies, job postings, notes, and details here. Contacts: If you meet people who might have leads for you, keep track of their names and contact information under this tab. Interviews: Going on multiple interviews at different companies? Note the dates and results of each one here. If you’re sending out a high volume of applications, this will help maintain sanity. Now, Go Get Yourself Hired That covers what you need to know about getting your next (or even first) marketing job. Here’s a recap: This post covered tons of different places to find open opportunities. It also went over how to find jobs that aren’t advertised. Some outside-the-box ways to put yourself out there. And tons more. So, now that you’ve got the information you need, there’s only one thing left to do: kick off your job hunt and take your career where you want to go.

Materiality in Auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 7

Materiality in Auditing - Essay Example Financial mistakes are not always unintentional instead there is a culture of making misstatements in accounting due many reasons including unexpected errors, mistakes or negligence level of misstatement and/or fraud cases. Pointing out and examining the level of misstatement and its impact on the whole financial performance is one of the major concerns of auditors. Rittenberg, Johnstone, and Grambling (2011) suggested that the point or level of misstatements or materiality in data possess high concerns of auditors’ judgments and experience. The term â€Å"materiality† refers to the acceptable level of misstatement according to the experience and judgments of the auditors that do not affect the decisions of financial statement readers (Financial Accounting Standard Board). It sounds vague that a highly sensitive document and its materiality issues are left only to the judgments and knowledge of the auditors. Unfortunately, it is widely practiced and kept secret by the auditors as stated by Mock, at el (2009). The gaps in the phenomena are vital and should be covered with identifiable measures. It is necessary to develop a level of understanding for establishing accurate measures to address the problem. For the purpose of getting deep insight of the matter of materiality in auditing, the piece of writing is crafted to define and discuss wider aspects of materiality. The importance of materiality is apparent in the making of financial statement. International Accounting Standard board’s conceptual framework for preparing financial statements defined materiality as the data become â€Å"material† if its alteration or omission affects the stakeholders’ decisions (Todea, Joldos, and Cioca, 2013). To elaborate materiality is the cut-off point of accepting material data to the level up to which it does not impact in decision-making via financial statement drivers. Although, IASB

The Personality of Betty Friedman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Personality of Betty Friedman - Essay Example It was Betty Friedan, who brought the problems and difficulties, faced by women, to the limelight, and worked Day-in and day-out to win equal status for them. Betty Friedan is universally regarded as one of the founding mothers of feminism's Second Wave. In The Feminine Mystique, published in 1963, Friedan aimed to expose the sexist underpinnings of America's post-World War II complacent prosperity. Friedan argued that millions of American housewives found the destiny of mother and housewife which society mapped out for them stifling, repressive and even dehumanizing. (Boucher, 2003) Hence, Friedan serves as the torch-bearer of the protection of feminist rights and privileges at an equal level to those of male stratum of society, who fought against the female exploitation at the hands of a male dominating set of society at a global level. She not only pointed out the problems faced by women including wife battering, discouragement while seeking jobs and working in a competitive atmos phere with men and sexual exploitation and harassment of the female folk but also wrote essays, books, articles and poems for the projection of feminist cause before the world. In addition, she also infused new ray of hope in the members of her community. While making an analysis of the history of the world at large, it comes to the account that social groups are not only divided into divergent religious, ethnic, cultural and racial groups but also the distribution of a society is based on age, gender and socioeconomic status too.